Physiology – raises heart rate, stimulates adrenal response, boosts circulation, accelerates collagen and tissue repair (LED 630–660 nm).
Emotions / Mind – vitality, courage, libido; in excess, anger or agitation.
Culture watch – prosperity in China; mourning in South Africa; danger in the West.
Use it when – you feel lethargic, ungrounded, or need will‑power.
Self‑regulation – clay modelling tinted with iron‑oxide red; 5‑min sunrise‑red light panel on the feet; “I am safe” affirmations while tracing bold red spirals.
Caution – avoid long exposures if hypertensive, anxious, or feverish.

Physiology – mild circulation boost, appetite stimulant, supports digestive enzymes.
Emotions / Mind – creativity, play, sociability; overuse can tip to restlessness.
Culture watch – sacred saffron for Hinduism & Buddhism; warning colour in safety signage.
Use it when – starting a new project, breaking creative blocks, easing social ice.
Self‑regulation – fluid water‑colour washes, orange essential‑oil mist, dance under warm tungsten bulbs.
Caution – may feel overstimulating for ADHD or mania; temper with teal.

Physiology – stimulates serotonin pathways, wakes circadian rhythms, aids lymph flow.
Emotions / Mind – optimism, clarity, focus; too much → irritability or mental chatter.
Culture watch – jealousy in France; courage in Japan; mourning in Egypt.
Use it when – studying, problem‑solving, fighting seasonal affective blues.
Self‑regulation – journal under bright daylight lamp; highlight gratitude lists in yellow; paint mandalas with cadmium‑free lemon yellow.
Caution – insomnia risk if used as late‑night LED back‑light.

Physiology – parasympathetic activation (lowers BP & cortisol), supports vision recovery.
Emotions / Mind – balance, compassion, growth; can tip to stagnation or envy.
Culture watch – luck in Ireland; holy colour in Islam; illness in some Western idioms.
Use it when – processing grief, mediating conflicts, resetting after burnout.
Self‑regulation – forest‑bathing sketch sessions, pressed‑leaf collage, emerald‑green breathing visualisation (“inhale green, exhale grey”).
Caution – for severe depression pair with warm accent (peach, coral) to avoid emotional flatness.

Physiology – slows respiration/heart rate, proven stress reducer (PLOS ONE 2017), neonatal jaundice therapy.
Emotions / Mind – calm, trust, clear communication; excessive cool blue may dampen mood.
Culture watch – mourning in Iran; masculinity in Western marketing; evil‑eye protection in Mediterranean.
Use it when – before public speaking, for insomnia wind‑down, during breath‑work.
Self‑regulation – cyanotype printing, blue‑lit “cocoon” corner, humming the note G while visualising ocean waves.
Caution – avoid high‑intensity blue LEDs 1 h before sleep (circadian phase shift).

Physiology – supports melatonin secretion, deep‑sleep onset, pituitary balance.
Emotions / Mind – intuition, introspection, dream recall; too much → detachment.
Culture watch – spirituality in New Age circles; mourning in some Latin American rites.
Use it when – meditating, journaling dreams, seeking insight during therapy.
Self‑regulation – soft‑pastel night‑sky drawing, binaural beats (136 Hz) in indigo‑lit room.
Caution – may intensify rumination in severe depression—ground with earthy browns.

Physiology – mild antibacterial UV‑A fringe, promotes nitric‑oxide release (vascular health).
Emotions / Mind – spiritual connection, imagination; overexposure → spaciness.
Culture watch – royalty in Europe; mourning in Brazil; sacred for Thai Saturdays.
Use it when – closing therapy sessions, affirming purpose, creative visualisation.
Self‑regulation – iridescent acrylic glazing, amethyst‑tinted meditation candle, singing bowl in note B with violet ambient light.
Caution – photosensitivity disorders; always choose filtered violet LEDs, not direct UV.

Physiology – documented reduction in aggression and muscular strength (Baker‑Miller prison studies).
Emotions / Mind – nurture, gentleness, inner‑child work.
Culture watch – masculine in 19th‑century Europe; femininity in modern West.
Use it when – soothing shame, post‑conflict de‑escalation, body‑image therapy.
Self‑regulation – rose‑quartz finger labyrinth, pastel‑pink breathing cards (“inhale self‑compassion”), warm‑pink salt‑lamp bath.

Physiology – highest lux boosts vitamin D synthesis (sunlight); regulates circadian master clock.
Emotions / Mind – clarity, new beginnings; may feel sterile or overstimulating.
Culture watch – weddings in West; mourning in East Asia; divinity in many faiths.
Use it when – resetting after emotional overload, blank‑page creativity, minimalism detox.
Self‑regulation – gesso‑primed canvas for stream‑of‑consciousness painting; 10‑min daylight exposure at 10 a.m.; white‑noise + soft‑white lamp for sensory rest.

Physiology – promotes parasympathetic grounding via evolutionary “safe shelter” cues.
Emotions / Mind – stability, reliability; excessive can dull motivation.
Culture watch – humility in monastic robes; mourning in Aboriginal Australia (ochre).
Use it when – post‑trauma grounding, integration after psychedelic‑assisted therapy.
Self‑regulation – hands‑in‑soil gardening, sepia ink journaling, wrap in weighted chocolate‑coloured blanket.

Physiology – triggers melatonin if perceived as darkness, supporting sleep cycles.
Emotions / Mind – containment, mystery, protection; can evoke heaviness or fear.
Culture watch – mourning in West; power & elegance in fashion; rebirth in Egypt.
Use it when – shadow‑work journaling, boundary setting, sensory‑deprivation float tanks.
Self‑regulation – charcoal sketch of intrusive thoughts, blackout‑curtain “retreat”, mindful candle‑flame in dark room.